What is the term used to describe the sum total of biotic and abiotic factors in the environment of the organism?

A. Habitat

B. Biome

C. Ecosystem

D. Ecological niche

Important abiotic factors which affects all plants and animals in the habitat are

A. temperature and turbidity

B. rainfall and relative humididty

C. salinity and wind direction

D. temperature and rainfall

The most important physical factor which affects an organism living in the intertidal zone of the seashore is

A. pH

B. salinity

C. wave action

D. temperature

At which trophic level would the highest accumulation of a non-biodegradable substance occur?

A. Primary producers

B. Tertiary consumers

C. Primary consumers

D. Secondary consumers

Two organisms of different species, living in close association but not dependent on each other are referred to as

A. parasites

B. commensals

C. symbionts

D. autotrophs

Which of the following instruments is NOT used in measuring abiotic factors in any habitat?

A. Microscopic

B. Thermometer

C. Hygrometer

D. Wind vane

Plants adapted for life in salty marsh are called

A. hydrophytes

B. xerophytes

C. halophytes

D. epiphytes

Which group of plants would be the first colonizers in an ecological succession changing rocks to soil?

A. Mosses

B. Ferns

C. Lichens

D. Grasses

Soil fertility can be conserved and renewed by

A. yearly monocropping

B. crop rotation and cover crops

C. bush burning to remove unwanted debris

D. avoiding artificial manures

What ecological condition favours the breeding of black flies?

A. Fresh water habitat

B. Water in ponds and swamp

C. Water in small containers

D. Fast flowing streams